,d;W ngz;fs; [dehafkhf tho;tjhf xU khia Mdhjpf;f thjpfshy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ngUk;ghYk; vy;yh Md;fSk; ngz; [dehafj;ij mDgtpg;gjhf $Wk; mNjNeuk;> mNdfkhd ngz;fs; $l ,g;gb vd;Dfpd;wdH. ,J Mdhjpf;f fUj;jpay; fz;Ndhl;lj;ij ngz;fSf;Fk; Mz;fSf;Fk; toq;Ftjd; %yk; kjk;> nkhop> fyhr;rhuk; Nghd;w tbtq;fs; Clhf GFj;jg;gl;L ,ay;ghf Vw;f epw;ge;jpf;fg;gLfpwJ.

,ij ehk; tpgupg;gjhapd; Vfhjpgj;jpak; %d;whk; cyfehLfs; kPJ vg;gb mlf;fp xLf;fpagb mij [dehafk; vdf; $wpagb> mijNa nrhe;j kf;fisAk;> %d;whk; cyfkf;fisAk; Vw;f itf;fg;ghLgLfpd;wNjh mJNghd;wNj ,JTk;.

,ij kf;fis %yr;ryit nra;tjd; %yk; gy;NtW tbtq;fspy; cs;s xLf;F Kiwfis xU rhjhuz ,ay;ghd epfo;r;rpahf khw;wp tpLfpd;wdH. ,e;jtifapy; thNdyp> njhiyf;fhl;rp> rpdpkh> tpsk;guq;fs;> gj;jpupiffs;> Gj;jfq;fs;> kjk;> fyhr;rhuk; ............ vd midj;Jk;,jd; nraw;ghl;Lf;F ciof;fpd;wJ.

,e;jepiyapy; ngz;fs; kPjhd xU jdpj;Jtkhd Mz;fSf;F ,y;yhj xLf;F Kiwia ,dk; fhl;LtNj ,f;fl;LiuahFk;. ,f;fl;Liuapy; %d;whk; cyfehL ,e;jpahitAk;> Kjyhk;; cyfehL mNkupf;fhit xl;b gy Gs;sptpguq;fis njhFf;f Kidfpd;Nwd;.

xU ngz; tpLjiy milaNtz;Lk; vdpd; mJ jdpj;J rhjpj;J tpl KbahJ. mg;ngz; rKjhaj;jpy; mq;fk; vd;gjhy; mg;ngd; rKjha khw;wj;Jld; jhd; tpLjiy ngwKbAk;. ,e;j tofapy; ngz; Nghuhl Kw;gLk; NghJ rKjhaj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; Vw;wj; jho;thd to;epiyapy; ngz;fspd; Nfhupf;iffs; khWgl nra;fpwJ. ngz; ,e;j khjpup kWf;fg;gLk; mw;g Nfhupf;if vd;gJ mg;ngz;iz tpbtpj;J tpl khl;lhJ. khwhf rKjhak; KOtJkhf xU fyhr;rhug; Gul;rpia elj;Jk; tifapy;> ngz;fs; jkJ Nfhupf;ifia gy;NtW r%ff; Nfhupf;iffSld; ,izf;f Ntz;Lk;.

,e;jtifapy; ngz; Nghuhl Ntz;Lk; vdpy; Mz;fs;> ngz;fs; xNu epiyia miltJ kl;Lk; ,d;wp rKjhaj;jpy; cs;s midj;J NtWghLfSk; mfw;wg;glNtz;Lk;. ,e;jtifapy; xU Nghuhl;lj;ijf; fl;b vOg;GtJ vd;gJ xLf;fg;gl;l xU ngz;zpd; Nfhupf;ifahf> xU rKjhaf; Nfhupf;ifahf ,Uf;f KbAk;.

,e;j tifapy; ngz; xLf;F Kiwia ehk; Gupe;J nfhs;Sk; tifapy; gy;NtW Gs;sp tpguq;fis ,t;tplj;jpy; njhFf;f Kidfpd;Nwd;. ,f;fl;Liuapy; fw;gopg;G vd;w nrhy;iy ehd; gad; gLj;Jfpd;Nwd;. ,J ngz;fSf;F fw;G cz;L vd;w mHj;jk; my;y. khwhf fw;gopg;G vd;w nrhy;yf;F khw;whf rupahd mjd; Mzhjpf;f gyhj;fhu td;ikia njspT gLj;j xU nrhy;iy jkpopy; ngWtJ fbdkhf jw;NghJ cs;sjhy; kl;LNk gad;gLj;JfpNwd;.

cyfpy; 52 tPjkhf cs;s ngz;fspy; 11 rhtPjk; NgNu murpaypYk;> murhq;fj;jpYk;> KbntLf;Fk; mikg;Gf;fspYk; cs;sdH. mj;Jld; cyf rdj;njhifapy; tUlk; fhdhky; Ngha; tpLfpd;wdH. mnkupf;fh my;yhj kw;iwa ehLfspy; epHthf caHepiyapy; ngz;fspd; gq;F 1 rjtPjj;Jf;F FiwthdNjahFk;. ,J mnkupf;fhtpy; xU rjtPjj;Jf;F rw;Wf; $LjyhFk;. Mz;fSf;F rkkhd epiyia ngz;fs; mila 450 tUlq;fs; nry;Yk; vd;gJ Mzhjpf;f xLf;F Kiwiag; Gupe;J nfhs;s cjTfpwJ.

cyfpy; cs;s xt;NtU 2000 ngz;fSf;F xU ngz; fw;gopf;fg;gLfpwhs;. tsUk; ehLfspy; 3 ngz;fSf;F xU ngz; fztd; khuhy; Jd;GWj;jg;gLfpwhs;. cyfpy; cs;s nkj;j rdj;njhif 560 Nfhbahf cs;s mNj Neuk; kpfTk; Nkhrkhd tWikf;Fs; 100 Nfhbg; NgH cs;sdH. ,jpy; 70 Nfhbg;NgH ngz;fshtH. Vfhjpgj;jpaf; nfhs;isapy; Vw;gLk; tWikapid Mdhjpf;fk; gpd; ngz;fs; kPJ jpzpf;fpd;wJ. ,jd; Kyk; ngz;fs; ,ul;ilr; Rikf;fs; cs;shf;fg;gLfpd;wdH.

100 Nfhbg; NgH vOjg;gbf;fj; njupahj mNjNeuk; ,jpy; 50 Nfhb rpWtH rpWkpauhtH. ,jpy; ngz;fs; Njif 75 NfhbahFk;. Foe;ijfspy; 3,y; 2 gFjp ngz;fshtH.

xt;NtU 1000 Foe;ij gpwg;gpy; Mgpupf;fhtpy; 175 NgH ,wf;f ,e;jpahtpy; 100 NgH ,wf;f Kd;Ndwpa ehLfspy; 15 Nguhf cs;sJ. ,jpy; ngz;fs; xt;ntU ehl;Lf;Fk; ,ilapy; Foe;ij ngw;nwLg;gjpy; ghupa NtWghl;il nfhz;Ls;sd. ,e;jtifapy; gpd;jq;fpa ehl;Lg; ngz;fs; Foe;ij NgWfspy; ghupa Rikiar; Rkf;fpd;wdH.

30 Nghbg;Ngiuf; nfhz;l xU gFjpg; ngz; njhopyhsH miuFiw Ntiyapy; kpf Nkhrkhf frf;fpg; gpopag;gLfpd;wdH. ,e;jpahit ehk; vLg;gpd; ruhrup xU kzpNeuj;Jf;F xU tujl;ridf; nfhiy epfo;fpwJ. ,J tUlk; fpl;lj;jl;l 9000 nfhiyahf cs;sJ. 1989 Kjy; 1991 tiuapy; 18000 ngz;fs; tujl;ridf;fhf jPf;fpiuahf;fg; gl;Ls;sdH. khkpahH> fztdpd; rpj;jpu tijf;Fs;shfp 20000 NgH jw;nfhiy nra;jdH. jPahf;fg;gl;lJld; $ba 13 gpNujk; ehNshd;Wf;F gpNujg; gupNrhjidf;F mfkjhghj;jpd; gpNuj rhiyf;F tUfpd;wJ. tujl;ridf; nfhLikahy; ,we;jij rkhspf;f nghypRf;F 20000 &ghTk;> ePjpgjpf;F 25000 &ghTk; nghLj;J jg;gpj;J tUfpd;wdH.

nly;ypapy; tujl;ridg; gLnfhiyfs; mjpfupj;J tUfpd;wJ. ,J 1985 ,y; 43MfTk; 1988,y; 71 MfTk;> 1989 ij> khrpapy; kl;Lk; 132 vd mjpfupj;J te;Js;sJ. ,J F[uhj; khdpyj;jpy; ehSf;F 13 MfTs;sJ.

1987 Kjy; 1993 tiu ,e;jpahtpy; xuprh khdpyj;jpy; tof;F tprhuidf;F te;j 1688 fw;gopg;G tof;Ffspy; 27 NgH kl;LNk jz;bf;fg;gl;ldH. ,J Nghd;W tprhuzf;F gk;gha; khepyj;jpy; te;j 68 tof;Ffspy; 14 NgH kl;LNk jz;bf;fg;gl;ldH. ,e;jtifapy; fw;gopg;G tof;Ffspy; ngz;fis tpgr;rhuofs; vd epWTtJk;> ,tHfis mtkhdg; gLj;Jtjd; %yk; Mzhjpf;f ePjpkd;wk; nraw;gl;L te;jd. ,J Nghd;W gy fw;gopg;Gfs; ntspapy; tuhky; ,Ug;gJld;> nghyP]; tof;if gjpT nra;a kWg;gJk;> kUj;JtHfs; fw;gopg;ig cWjpnra;a kWg;gJk;> nghyPNr fw;gopg;gJk; rHtrhjhuzkhd xU ,ay;ghd tpilakhf khwptpLfpd;wJ. ,e;jpahtpy; tUlk; 20000 fw;gopg;G tof;Ffs; tUtJld; mjpy; 100 NgH jz;bf;fg;gLtNj mg+Htk; vd;w epiyf;F ,d;W Mzhjpf;f Ml;rp elf;fpwJ.

,d;W ngz;fis ,opepiyahff; fUJtJld; ngz; vd;why; fUtpy; mopg;gJk;> gpwe;jgpd; nfhiy nra;JtpLtJk; vd;w epiy Ntfkhfg;gutpr; nry;fpd;wJ. cjhuzkhf Nryk; khtl;lj;jpy; 1250 FLk;gj;ij vLj;J Ma;T nra;j NghJ 750 FLk;gj;Jf;F ngz; Foe;ijfs; kl;LNk capHtho;fpd;wJ vd;gJ mjpHr;rpia Vw;gLj;jpaJ.

ngz;kPJ tujl;rid> fw;G> mbik epiy vd;w gy;NtW fhuzj;ij cs;slf;fp Mzhjpf;f r%fk; ngz;iz ,opepiyf;F ,l;Lr; nrd;W ngz;iz capUld; nfhy;fpd;wdH. ,e;jpa fpuhkg; Gwj;jpy; 43 tPjkhd rpWtHfSk;> 69 tPjkhd rpWkpfSk; tWik fhuzkhf ghlrhiy nry;yjpy;iy. kw;Wk; gbf;Fk; khztHfspy; 5 NgUf;F xUtH ghlrhiyg; gbg;Gf;fis Kbf;fhJ ,ilapy; iftpLfpd;wdH. mj;Jld; ghlrhiy nry;Yk; khztHfs; 8 tPjk; NgUf;F gs;spf;$lNkh> fUk;gyifNah> NkirfNsh ,y;iy. vd;gjpy; ,Ue;J ngz;fspy; fy;tp vg;gbg; Gwf;fzpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ vd;gij ,jd; %yk; fhzKbAk;.

,d;W ngz;fs; mDgtpf;Fk; Mzhjpf;f r%fj;jpd; kw;Wk; xU Gs;sp tpguj;ijg;ghHg;gpd; mjpHr;rp mopf;Fk;. ,e;jpahtpy; 12 ghlrhiyiar; NrHe;j 348 khztpfis xs;slf;fpa Ma;T xd;W rk;tjh mikg;G elj;jpaJ. xt;ntU 20 ngz;fspy; 3 bgH fw;gopf;fg;gl;Lk;> gy;ntW rpj;jpu tijf;F cs;shfpapUe;jijAk; ,jpy; %d;wpy; xU gq;fpdH 10 tajpw;Ff; fPNoAk;> ,r;rk;gtk; ele;js;sJ. 10 NgHfopy; 5 NgUf;F Foe;ijahf ,Ue;jNghJk;> gyhj;fhug;gLj;j Kw;gLgtHfs; 10 Ngupy; 8 NgH rpWtajpNyNa khHgfq;fis frf;FtJ Nghd;w gy gyhj;fhu epe;jidfis re;jpj;jdH vd;gJ njupa te;jJ. ,jpy; Ntbf;if vd;dntdpy; ,r;nraw;ghLfspy; <Lgl;l 50 tPjkhd Mz;fs; mf;Foe;ijfspd; mg;ghf;fs;> khkhf;fs;> rNfhjuHfs;> kw;Wk; neUf;fpa cwtpdHfshtH.

ngz; Foe;ijfis jiyFdpa itj;J tPl;Lf;Fs; g+l;b itj;j gbNa ,e;jpahf; fyhr;rhuk; ngz;fis gyhj;fhuk; nra;fpd;wJ. gpd; ,tHfNs Mzhjpf;ff; fw;igf; NfhUtJk; Ntbf;ifahf cs;sJ. Foe;ij vd;W ve;j rpWkpiaAk; tpl;Litf;fhj ,t;thzhjpf;f r%fk;> mjd; fyhr;rhu xOf;fk; Njitjhdh vd;gij ehk; xt;ntUtuk; Nfl;f Ntd;Lk;.

,q;F ,ijr; nra;tjpy; kjk; jPtpukhd gq;F tfpf;fpd;wJ. ,e;J kjk; ngz;iz epHthdkhf rpiyfs; tbj;jJ Kjy; ngz;iz NfhtpYf;F tplkWg;gJk;> ngz;iz g+ir nra;a tpl kWg;gJk;> ngz;iz jho;j;jg;gl;l rhjpapd; epiyf;F caHrhjp Rl;bf;fhl;Lk; ,e;J jj;Jtk; jhd; ,jd; vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; NfhshW MFk;. ngz;fis ,uz;lhtJ epiyf;F ,l;Lr; nrd;W jho; epiyf;F milahsg;gFhpAk; ,e;J> K];yPk;> Gj;j> fpwp];jtk;> ........ vd midj;J rkaKk; jkJ mbg;gilf; Nfhl;ghl;by; epiyepWj;jp cs;sd.

%d;whk; cyf ehlhd ,e;jpahitg; ghHg;gJ Nghy; mnkupf;fhit vLg;gpd; 7 mnkupf;fhg; ngz;fSf;F xUtH VioahfTk;> 6 ngz;fSf;F xUtH kUj;Jt trjp ,d;wpAk; cs;sdH. ,jpy; fWg;G epwg; ngz;fs; 25 rjtPjk; NgH tWikf;Fs; cs;sdH. epwNtwpAk; NrHe;J fWg;Gg; ngz;fis xLf;Ffpd;wJ. ,q;F fWg;G epwg; ngz; tWik> Mzhjpf;fk;> epwk; Nghd;w %d;W Rikia xNuNeuj;jpy; re;jpf;fpd;whs;.

1989 ,y; mnkupf;fhtpy; Mz; ciog;ghapd; tUkhdj;jpy;> xNu Ntiyiar; nra;Ak; nts;isapdg; ngz; 62 tPjj;ijAk;> fWg;G ,dg; ngz; 56 tPjj;ijAk; kl;LNk ngw;W jdJ ,uz;lhtJ epiyia Mzhjpf;f [dehaf rKjhaj;jpy; ngWfpwhs;.

mnkupf;fhtpy; ngz;fs; Ntiy nra;a epHg;ge;jpf;fg;gl;l epyik vd;gJ 1986-89 f;F ,ilapy; 9 tPjk; $ypa gztPf;fj;Jld; Fiwj;Jk;> kw;k; Xa;T+jpaf; FiwTk; 13.8 tPjkhf khwpajhy; jhd;. ,jdhy; 1980,y; 54 tPjk; khztg; ngz;fs; ciog;gpy; <Lgly; 1990 65 tPjkhf khwpajd; %yk; jdJ FLk;g cioGtUkhdj;ijg; gq;fpl;L rupf;fl;l Kay;fpd;wdH.

,NjNeuk; mnkupf;fhtpy; epue;ju Ntiy nra;Ak; 1nfhb ngz;fs; jkJ mbg;gilj; Njitiaf; $l g+Hj;jp nra;a Kbahj tWikf;Fs;shd rk;gsj;ijg; ngWfpd;wdH. 1980-88 f;F ,ilg;gl;l fhyj;jpy; mnkupf;fhtpy; 3 yl;rk; rpWgz;izfis tpOq;fpa ngupa gz;izfs; fpuhkg; Gw tWikia 44.8 tPjkhf mjpfupf;f itj;jjd; %yk; fpuhkg;Gwg; ngz;fspd; miuthrpg; NgH tWikf;Fs; thLfpd;wdH. xU gz;iz %baNghJ 3 Kjy; 5NgH Ntiy ,oe;jdH.

1988 ,y; mnkupf;fhtpy; kfw;NgW kUj;JtH 100>000 NgUf;F 61.4 NgH efug; Gwj;jpw;F ,Ue;jdH. ,J fpuhkg; Gwj;jpw;F 24.5 Mf ,Ue;jJ. ,e;j tifapy; fpuhkg; Gwg;ngz;fs; kpf Nkhrkhf xLf;fgl;l mNj Neuk; efHGwg; ngz;fs; Nghjpa kUe;jpd;wp mtjpg;gl;ldH.

mNkupf;fhtpy; cs;s KjpNahupy; 58 tPjk; ngz;fshtH. 65 tajpw;F Nkw;gl;l KjpNahupy; 71 rjtPj ngz;fs; ViofshtH. tPbd;wp mtjpg;gLk; kf;fs; 30 Kjy; 40 yl;rkhf cs;s mNj Neuk; mjpy; ngUk;ghyhNdhH ngz;fshtH. tPL trjpaw;w ngz;fs; 30 tPjkhNdhUf;f kfw; NgS fhyf; fzpg;G VJkpd;wp cs;sdH. 1000 f;F 17 Foe;ij ,wg;G cs;s mnkupf;fhtpy; tPlw;w Foe;ijfs; ,wg;G 25 Mf cs;sJ.

1987 ,y; mnkupf;fhtpy; Foe;ij ,wg;G 1000 ,w;F 17 vd;w rpiyapy; nts;isf; Foe;ij ,wg;G 8.6 MfTk;> fWg;Gf; Foe;ij ,wg;G 17.9 MfTk; fhzg;gl;lJ. ,ijtpl mnkupf;fhtpy; ve;j NeuKk; 1 yl;rk; Foe;ijfs; tPjpapy; trpj;j tz;zk; cs;sd.

1990 ,y; mnkupf;fhtpy; fw;gopg;G 4 klq;F mjpfupj;jJld; 5 xU ngz; fw;gopf;fg;gLfpd;whs;. tUlk; 30 Kjy; 40 yl;rk; ngz;fs; mbj;J Jd;GWj;jg;gLtJld; ,jpy; 10 yl;rk; ngz;fs; kUj;Jtj; Njitf;F kUj;Jt kidf;Fr; nry;fpwhs;. ,e;j tifapy; 1000f;F 23.5 tPjkhf nts;spapdg; ngz; mDgtpj;j ,e;j rpj;jpu tijia fWg;G ,dg;ngz; 35.3 Mf cs;sJ.

1990 ,y; mnkypf;fhtpy; 1.8 Kjy; 2 Nfhbg;NghH tUlk; KOf;fg; gl;bdpahf cs;sdH. ,jpy; 18 tajpw;F Fiwe;j Foe;ijfs; 70 Kjy; 80 yl;rkhfTk;> 65 tajpw;F Nkw;gl;NlhH 20 yl;rk; NguhfTk; cs;sdH. ,jpy; ngUk;ghyhNdhH ngz;fshtH.

mnkupf;f murpd; tWikf; Nfhl;bd; fPo; cs;s kf;fs; njhif 3>2 Nfhbg; NguhtH. ,jpy; ngUk;gFjp ngz;fshtH. ,e;j tWikf;Nfhl;bd; epytuk; 1980-88 f;f ,ilapy; 43 tPjkhf mjpfupj;jJ. 1985 ,y; ruhrup tUlj;jpw;F 3 yl;rk; &gh tUkhdKila jha;khH 68 tPjk; tPl;Lf;F ntspapYk; Ntiy nra;jdH. ,jd; %yk; jkJ tWikiaj; jtpHf;f Kide;jdH.

,e;j tifapy; mnkupf;fhtpw;fk; ,e;jpahtpw;Fk; ,ilapy; tWikAk; ngz; xLf;F KiwAk; mjpf NtWghbd;wp nghJthd xd;whf cs;sJ. vz;zpf;ifapy; kl;LNk ,q;F NtWghL ,Ug;gij ehk; mtjhdpf;f KbAk;. ehK, NtWrpy ehLfis vLj;Jg; ghHg;gpd; 1988 ,y; rPdhtpy; xU Foe;ij xU FLk;gj;jpw;F vd nlq;rpahgpq; mwpj;jgpd; mq;F ngz; rpRf; nfhiy Ntfkhf mjpfupj;Jr; nrd;wJ. ,J tUlj;jpw;F 10 yl;rkhf khwpaJ. nlq; fk;a+dprj;ijf; iftpl;L Kjyhspj;Jtj;ij Vw;wgpd;G r%fj;jpy; ngz;fs; 2MtJ gpui[ahf khwpaJld; ngz;fis ,opepiyf;F <l;Lr;nrd;wdH.

,d;W mq;F ngz;fs; gfpuq;f ,lj;jpy; Vyk; tpLtJld;> ngz;fis tpiy Ngrp tpw;fg;gLtJk;> xU ngz;iz 4>5 NgH $l;lhf thq;fp mbikfshf jkJ tpLfspy; tpLfpd;wdH. ngz;fis tupirahf epWj;jp mtspd; khHgfj;jpd; kPJ xU Jz;by; ngaH> taJ> tpiy tpw;gjw;fhf epWj;jp itf;fg;gLtJ ,d;W elKiwahf cs;sJ. 25 tPjkhd ngz;fs; tPl;by; Jd;GWj;jiy fztd;khH %yk; vjpH nfhs;fpd;wdH. 15 nfhbg; ngz;fshFk;. ,d;W nlq; nghUshjhu rPHjpUj;jk; 2 Nfhbg; ngz;fis Ntiyia tpl;L ePf;fp tPl;by; mbikahf ,Uf;f tPl;Lf;F mDg;gpAs;sJ.

ghfp];jhd; rpiwapy; cs;s 70 tPjkhd ngz; ifjpfis nghyprhH ghypaypy; gy;ntW td;Kiwf;F cs;shf;Ffpd;wdH. 90 tPjkhd ngz;fSf;f jhk; ve;jr; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; milj;J itj;jpUf;fpd;Nwhk; vdj; njupahJ. 50 Kjy; 80 tPjkhd ngz;fs; ""`;J}f;"" fPo; milf;fg;gl;L cs;sdH. ,r;rl;lk; ngz;iz re;Njfj;Jf;Fupa $l;lk; kl;LNk Fw;wthopahf;fpd;wJ. mNjNeuk; Mz;fSf;F ,r;rl;lk; ehYrhl;rpfs; Fw;wthop vd epWt Ntz;Lk;.

nfhd;ah ehl;by; ngz; Foe;ijfs; gpwe;jTld; mg;ngz; Foe;ijapd; ngz;ZWg;gpy; cs;s czHr;rpg; gFjpia ntl;b vwpag;gl;l gpd; ngz;ZWg;ig ijj;J tpLthHfs;. mg;ngz; jpUkzk; Mdgpd;Ng mj;ijaiy mWj;J Mzhjpf;f fw;ig cWjpnra;fpd;wdH. ,jw;Fk; vk;ehl;by; ,Ug;gjw;Fk; mjpf NtWghby;iy.

jha;yhe;jpy; 10 yl;rk; rpWkpfs; tpgr;rhuj;jpy; <LgLtjd; %yk; mr;rpWkpfis rpWtajpNyNa vapl;Rf;F cs;shf;fp rPikg;gz;wpfs; nfhz;nwhopf;fpd;wd. ,yq;ifapy; cy;yhrg; gadj;Jiwapy; rpWkpfis gad;gLj;JtJld; nts;is rPkhd;fspd; ghypay; Njitf;F 40 rpWtH rpWkpaHfs; gypahf;fg;gl;L cs;sdH. ,ijtpl 90-94 ,ilapy; 4 Mapuk; ngz; rpRf;fs; fUtpy; mopf;fg;gl;L cs;sJ. ,d;W cs;s ngz; tPjk; 93.5 NkYk; Fiwe;J nry;y Gs;sp tpguq;fs; Cf;Ftpf;fpd;wd.

INuhg;ghtpy; 10 Kjy; 15 tjkhd rpWtHfs; Mdhijfshf cs;s mNj Neuk; rpWkpfs; ghypay; tijf;f cs;shfpd;wdH. mz;ikapy; gpuh]; ehl;bd; Gs;sp tpguk; xd;wpy; 15 tajpw;F Nkw;gl;l ngz;fspy; 16 rjtPjj;jpdH jhk; VNjh xU tifapy; ghypay; gyhj;fhuj;jpw;F cl;gl;lJ njhupate;jJ. gpuhd;rpy; MZgf;Fk;> ngz,Zf;fk; ,ilapy; ghupa rk;gs NtWghl;il xNu njhopypy; nfhz;Ls;sdH.

,e;jtifapy; cs;s mNjNehuk; tpthfuj;Jf;fs; gpuhd;]py; 19809 ,y; 79600> 1986 ,y; 1>06>700> 1989 ,y; 1>03>600> 1993 ,y; 1>09>200 vd mjpfupj;Js;sJ. kf;fs; FLk;gkhf tho;jy; vd;gJ gpd;tuk; ml;ltidia xl;b Muha;Nthk;.

,e;j tifapy; ,d;W FLk;gkhf tho;jy; vd;gJ ruhrup 12tPjkhf kl;LNk cs;sJ ,e;j tifapy; gpuh]; r%fk; jdpj;J tho;fpd;w tifapy; 88 tPjk; NgH ,d;W cs;sdH. ,e;j Neuk; jd;dpdr; NrHf;ifia Vw;Wf; Nfhs;sg; 1973 ,y; 19 tPjkhf ,Ue;J 1995 ,y; 41 tPjkhf khwpAs;sJld; ,t;tUlk; jd;dpdr; NrHf;ifahsUf;F FLk;gkhf mq;fPfupj;J FLk;g mj;jhl;rpg;gj;jpuj;ij muR toq;fp cs;sJ.

,e;j Ew;whd;bd; Muk;gj;jpy; tpthfj;jf;F cupikia toq;Ftjpy; vy;yhj; jug;gpYk; vjpHg;G vOe;jJ. ,NjNeuk; ngz;fs; ,e;j cupikia miltjd; %yk; ngz; Rje;jpukhf tpLjiy mile;J tpLths; vdTk; gpufldk; nra;jdH.

,d;W cjhuzkhf gpuhd;]; r%fg; Gs;sp tpgug;gb yl;rq;fisj; jhd;Lk; tpthfuj;Jf;fs;> kw;Wk; jdpj;J thOk; kf;fs; vd;W ,Ue;j NghJ ngz;tpLjiy milatpy;iy. ,Uf;Fk; gpw;Nghf;F FLk;g myF rpije;j NghJk; ngz; etPd tbtj;jpy; njhlHe;Jk; ruz;lg;gl;lhs;.

INuhg;ghtpy; r%ff; fyhr;rhuk;> jdpkdpj rpe;jidfs; cld; Vfhjpgj;jpak; jd;id NkYk; ikag;gLj;jg;gl;l jdpkdpj Ruz;liy jPtpukhf;fp tUfpd;wJ. ,e;j tifapy; ,d;W cyfpy; vs;s rpW cw;gj;jpfisj; jfHj;Jk;> Njrpa cw;gj;jpia jfHj;Jk;> kpfg;ngUk; rpy gd;$l;L fk;gdpfis cyif MSk; epiyf;Fs; Ntfkhfr; nry;fpwJ.

,e;jtifapy; 1985 ,y; 3500 Nfhb tUkhdk; cs;s 400 gd;$l;L epWtdq;fs; cyfg; nghUshjhuj;jpy; 90 tPjk; fl;Lg;gbj;jpd. ,e;jtifapy; cs;s cyfg; gd;$l;L epWtdq;fspy; tUkhdj;ij tpl $Ljyhd tUkhdj;ijf; nfhz;l ehLfs; 9 kl;LNk ,Ue;jd. kw;Wk;cyfpy; kpfg;ngupa 20 tq,fpfs; xd;wpide;J kl;Lk; 7>24>500 Nfhb &ghahFk;.

,e;j tifapy; cyfg; nghUshjhuj;ijAk;> cyifAk; xU Filapd; fPo; MSk; tifapy; nghUshjhu ikaq;fs; cUthf;fg;gLk; Ntfk; ngUFfpwJ. kf;fs; vy;NyhiuAk; cyf;Fk; njhopyhshH gilf;Fs; jhq;fpr; nry;Yk; nrayhdJ jd;Dld; xU fyhr;rhu tbtj;ij ,jw;f ,irthf efHj;JfpwJ.

kf;fs, $l;L ciog;g> gpd; jdpahH ciog;ghf khwp gpd; mijAk; ,oe;J nry;Yk; ,g;nghf;fpd; Clhf $l;Lf; FLk;gq;fs; rpije;J > FLk;gk; vd;w myF rpije;J kdpjid jdpeguhf khw;wpAs;sJ.

xUtiu xUtH mUfpy; ,Ue;Jk; gof Kbahj tifapy; gzk; vd;w vy;iyf;fs; kdpjidf; FWf;fp ,ae;jpu kdpjdhf khw;wpAs;s ,e;jr; rKjhaj;jpy; FLk;gk; ve;j ve;j ghrj;ijAk; tpiyNgrp tpw;Ws;sJ. ,ij ,d;W Gjpjhdf cUthfptUk; ""tiyg;gpd;dy;"" tpahghuKiw ,Uf;Fk; FLk;g myFf;Fs; $l tpahghuj;ij cf;fptpf;fpd;wJ.

,e;j tifapy; Flk;g myF rpije;j Nghf;F ng<;fSf;F tpLjiyiag; ngw;wj; jutpy;iy. khwhf NkYk; etPd tifapy; ngz;fs; Ruz;lg;gl;ldH. ,e;j Kjyhspj;Jt rKjhaj;jpy; tpthfuj;J cupikfs;> kw;wk; ngz; nghUshjhu gyk;vd ve;j cupikAk; ngz;fis tpLtpj;Jtpltpy;iy. ,ij gpuQ;Rg; Gs;sp tpguq;fs; njuptpf;fpd;wd.

ngz;fs; rup my;yJ kf;fspd; ve;j gpuGTk; rup cupik vd;gJ mtHfis tpLtpf;fhJ. cupik vd;gJ xU [dehaf Nfhupf;ifahf ,Ue;jhYk; mJ ,tHfis tpLtpf;fhJ. Vd;nddpy; ngz;fs; Nfhupa ngz;fs; thf;Fupik> tpthfuj;Jupik> Ntiynra;Ak; cupik> fUj;jil cupik> fU mopg;Gupik> ......... ......... vd midj;JupikAk; mtHfis tpLtpj;J tpltpy;iy. ,J kWf;fg;gLk; NghJ VNjh ,Ug;gjhy; jhd; ngz;fs; xLf;fg;gl;ldH vd xU gpuikia Vw;gLj;j KidtH. ,jw;F [dehafk; tsq;Fk; NghJjhd; mq;F xLf;f Kiw Kjyhspj;Jtj;jpy; vd;gij Gupe;J nfhs;tH. ,ijg; Gupe;J nfhs;tJ xU ngz;zpd; ,r; r%fj;jpd; Kf;fpakhd tpilakhFk;.

mg;nghOJ kl;Lk; jhd; mg;ngz; rupahd jpirtopiaf; fz;L czu KbAk;. Njrpa RaepHda cupik xLf;fg;gl;l kf;fSf;F toq;fk; NghJjhd; nrhe;j Kjyhspia mk;kf;fs; ,dq;fhz;gH. cupikiag; ngw;wgpd;jhd; mtHfs; Gupe;J nfhs;tH nrhe;j Kjyhspapd; NfhLuj;ij. ,ijg; Nghd;W jhd; ngz;fs; cupikfs; vd;gJ xU ngz;zpd; tpLjiyia ngw;Wj;juJ. khwhf ,ij Kjyhspj;Jt Rwz;liyj; jfHg;gJ jhd; ngz;iz tpLtpf;Fk;. me;j tifapy; Nghuhl Kd;tUtJk;> mzpjpus;tJk; mtrpak;.